Chemistry and Pharmacology

Baldessarini RJ. Neuropharmacology of S-adenosyl-L-methionine. Am J Med. 1987;83(5A):95-103.

Giulidori P, Cortellaro M, Moreo G, Stramentinoli G. Pharmacokinetics of S-adenosyl-L-methionine in healthy volunteers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1984;27:119-121.

Stramentinoli G. Pharmacologic aspects of S-adenosylmethionine. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Am J Med. 1987;83(5A):35-42.

Mood

Reviews
Bressa GM. S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAMe) as antidepressant: meta-analysis of clinical studies. Acta Neurol Scand Suppl. 1994;154:7-14.

Janicak PG, Lipinski J, Davis JM, Altman E, Sharma RP. Parenteral S-adenosyl-methionine (SAMe) in depression: literature review and preliminary data. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1989;25:238-242.

Janicak PG, Lipinski J, Davis JM, et al. S-adenosylmethionine in depression. A literature review and preliminary report. Ala J Med Sci. 1988;25:306-313.

Studies vs Placebo
Cerutti R, Sichel MP, Perin M, et al. Psychological distress during puerperium: a novel therapeutic approach using S-adenosylmethionine. Curr Ther Res. 1993;53:707-16.

Fava M, Rosenbaum JF, MacLaughlin R, et al. Neuroendocrine effects of S-adenosyl-L-methionine, a novel putative antidepressant. J Psychiatr Res. 1990;24:177-184.

Kagan BL, Sultzer DL, Rosenlicht N, Gerner RH. Oral S-adenosylmethionine in depression: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Psychiatry. 1990;147:591-595.

Salmaggi P, Bressa GM, Nicchia G, et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of S-adenosyl-L-methionine in depressed postmenopausal women. Psychother Psychosom. 1993;59:34-40.

Studies vs Other Antidepressants
De Vanna M, Rigamonti R. Oral S-adenosyl-L-methionine in depression. Curr Ther Res. 1992;52:478-485.

Potkin SG, Bell K, Plon L, Bunney WE Jr. Rapid antidepressant response with SAMe. A double-blind study. Ala J Med Sci. 1988;25:313-316.

Taylor KM, Randall PK. Depletion of S-adenosyl-L-methionine in mouse brain by antidepressive drugs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1975;194:303-310.

Studies With Other Antidepressants
Berlanga C, Ortega-Soto HA, Ontiveros M, Senties H. Efficacy of S-adenosyl-L-methionine in speeding the onset of action of imipramine. Psychiatry Res. 1992;44:257-262.

Liver

Reviews
Chawla RK, Bonkovsky HL, Galambos JT. Biochemistry and pharmacology of s-adenosyl-L-methionine and rationale for its use in liver disease. Drugs. 1990;40(Suppl 3):98-110.

Friedel HA, Goa KL, Benfield P. S-adenosyl-L-methionine. A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic potential in liver dysfunction and affective disorders in relation to its physiological role in cell metabolism. Drugs. 1989;38:389-416.

Lieber CS. Role of S-adenosyl-L-methionine in the treatment of liver diseases. J Hepatol. 1999;30:1155-1159.

Osman E, Owen JS, Burroughs AK. Review article: S-adenosyl-L-methionine-a new therapeutic agent in liver disease? Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1993;7:21-28.

Trials
Colell A, Garcia-Ruiz C, Morales A, et al. Transport of reduced glutathione in hepatic mitochondria and mitoplasts from ethanol-treated rats: effect of membrane physical properties and S-adenosyl-L-methionine. Hepatology. 1997;26:699-708.

Duce AM, Ortiz P, Cabrero C, Mato JM. S-adenosyl-L-methionine synthetase and phospholipid methyltransferase are inhibited in human cirrhosis. Hepatology. 1988;8:65-68.

Frezza M, Pozzato G, Chiesa L, Stramentinoli G, di Padova C. Reversal of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy in women after high dose s-adenosyl-L-methionine administration. Hepatol. 1984;4:274-278.

Frezza M, Tritapepe R, Pozzato G, Di Padova C. Prevention by S-adenosylmethionine of estrogen-induced hepatobiliary toxicity in susceptible women. Am J Gastroenterol. 1988;83:1098-1102.

Frezza M, Centini G, Cammareri G, Le Grazie C, di Padova C. S-adenosylmethionine for the treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Results of a controlled clinical trial. Hepato-gastroenterology. 1990;37(suppl 2):122-125.

Frezza M, Surrenti C, Manzillo G, et al. Oral S-adenosylmethionine in the symptomatic treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Gastroenterology. 1990;99:211-215.

Loguercio C, Nardi G, Argenzio F, et al. Effect of S-adenosyl-L-methionine administration on red blood cell cysteine and glutathione levels in alcoholic patients with and without liver disease. Alcohol.

1994;29:597-604. Mato JM, Camara J, Fernandez de Paz JF, et al. S-adenosylmethionine in alcoholic liver cirrhosis: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter clinical trial. J Hepatol. 1999;30:1081-1089.

Milkiewicz P, Mills CO, Roma MG, et al. Tauroursodeoxycholate and S-adenosyl-L-methionine exert an additive ameliorating effect on taurolithocholate-induced cholestatis: a study in isolated rat hepatocyte couplets. Hepatology. 1999;29:471-476.

Vendemiale G, Altomare E, Trizio T, et al. Effects of oral S-adenosyl-L-methionine on hepatic glutathione in patients with liver disease. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1989;24:407-415.

Joint

Reviews
Di Padova C. S-adenosylmethionine in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Review of the clinical studies. Am J Med. 1987;83(5A):60-65.

Schumacher HR Jr. Osteoarthritis: the clinical picture, pathogenesis, and management with studies on a new therapeutic agent, S-adenosylmethionine. Am J Med. 1987;83(5A):1-4.

Trials
Barcelo HA, Wiemeyer JC, Sagasta CL, Macias M, Barreira JC. Effect of S-adenosylmethionine on experimental osteoarthritis in rabbits. Am J Med. 1987;83(5A):55-59.

Berger R, Nowak H. A new medical approach to the treatment of osteoarthritis. Report of an open phase IV study with ademetionine (Gumbaral). Am J Med. 1987;83(SA):84-88.

Bradley JD, Flusser D, Katz BP, et al. A randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trial of intravenous loading with S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) followed by oral SAM therapy in patients with knee osteoarthritis. J Rheumatol. 1994;21:905-911.

Brandt KD. Effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on chondrocyte metabolism in vitro and in vivo. Am J Med. 1987;83(5A);29-34.

Caruso I, Pietrogrande V. Italian double-blind multicenter study comparing S-adenosylmethionine, naproxen, and placebo in the treatment of degenerative joint disease. Am J Med. 1987;83(5A):66-71.

Glorioso S, Todesco S, Mazzi A, et al. Double-blind multicentre study of the activity of S-adenosylmethionine in hip and knee osteoarthritis. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res. 1985;5:39-49.

Harmand MF, Vilamitjana J, Maloche E, Duphil R, Ducassou D. Effects of S-adenosylmethionine on human articular chondrocyte differentiation. Am J Med. 1987;83(5A):48-54.

Konig B. A long-term (two years) clinical trial with S-adenosylmethionine for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Am J Med. 1987;83(5A):89-94.

Konig H, Stahl H, Sieper J, Wolf KJ. Magnetic resonance tomography of finger polyarthritis: morphology and cartilage signals after ademetionine therapy. [Article in German] Aktuelle Radiol. 1995;5:36-40.

Laudanno OM. Cytoprotective effect of S-adenosylmethionine compared with that of misoprostol against ethanol-, aspirin-, and stress-induced gastric damage. Am J Med. 1987;83(5A):43-47.

Maccagno A, Di Giorgio EE, Caston OL, Sagasta CL. Double-blind controlled clinical trial of oral S-adenosylmethionine versus piroxicam in knee osteoarthritis. Am J Med. 1987;83(5A):72-77.

Marcolongo R, Giordano N, Colombo B, et al. Double-blind multicentre study of the activity of s-adenosyl-l-methionine in hip and knee osteoarthritis. Curr Ther Res. 1985;37:82-94.

Muller-Fassbender H. Double-blind clinical trial of S-adenosylmethionine versus ibuprofen in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Am J Med. 1987;83(5A):81-83.

Vetter G. Double-blind comparative clinical trial with S-adenosylmethionine and indomethacin in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Am J Med. 1987;83(5A):78-80.

Zhang M, Borovikova LV, Wang H, Metz C, Tracey KJ. Spermine inhibition of monocyte activation and inflammation. Mol Med. 1999;5:595-605.

Other

Parkinson's
Carrieri PB, Indaco A, Gentile S, et al. S-Adenosylmethionine treatment of depression in patients with Parkinson's disease: a double-blind crossover study versus placebo. Curr Ther Res. 1990;48:154-160.

Cheng H, Gomes-Trolin C, Aquilonius SM, et al. Levels of L-methionine S-adenosyltransferase activity in erythrocytes and concentrations of S-adenosylmethionine and S-adenosylhomocysteine in whole blood of patients with Parkinson's disease. Exp Neurol. 1997;145:580-585.

Neurology
Bottiglieri T, Hyland K, Reynolds EH. The clinical potential of ademetionine (S-adenosylmethionine) in neurological disorders. Drugs. 1994;48:137-152.

Bottiglieri T. Ademetionine (S-adenosylmethionine) neuropharmacology: Implications for drug therapies in psychiatric and neurological disorders. Exp Opin Invest Drugs. 1997;6:417-426.

Pavia J, Martos F, Gonzalez-Correa JA, et al. Effect of S-adenosyl methionine on muscarinic receptors in young rats. Life Sci. 1997;60:825-832.

Takahashi J, Nishino H, Ono T. S-adenosyl-L-methionine facilitates recovery from deficits in delayed response and hand movement tasks following brain lesions in monkeys. Exp Neurol. 1987;98:459-471.

Alzheimer's/Aging
Cimino M, Vantini G, Algeri S, et al. Age-related modification of dopaminergic and beta-Adrenergic receptor system: restoration to normal activity by modifying membrane fluidity with S-adenosylmethionine. Life Sci. 1984;34:2029-2039.

Fontanari D, Di Palma C, Giorgetti G, et al. Effects of S-adenosyl-L-methionine on cognitive and vigilance functions in the elderly. Curr Ther Res. 1994;55:682-689.

Morrison LD, Smith DD, Kish SJ. Brain S-adenosylmethionine levels are severely decreased in Alzheimer's disease. J Neurochem. 1996;67:1328-1331.

Stramentinoli G, Gualano M, Catto E, Algeri S. Tissue levels of S-adenosylmethionine in aging rats. J Gerontol. 1977;32:392-394.

Fibromyalgia
Di Benedetto P, Iona LG, Zidarich V. Clinical evaluation of S-adenosyl-L-methionine versus transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in primary fibromyalgia. Curr Ther Res. 1993;53:222-229.

Grassetto M, Varotto A. Primary fibromyalgia is responsive to S-adenosyl-L-methionine. Curr Ther Res. 1994;55:222-229.

Ianiello A, Ostuni PA, Sfriso P, et al. S-adenosyl-L-methionine in Sjogren's Syndrome and fibromyalgia. Curr Ther Res. 1994;55:699-705.

Jacobsen S, Danneskiold-Samsoe B, Andersen RB. Oral S-adenosylmethionine in primary fibromyalgia. Double-blind clinical evaluation. Scand J Rheumatol. 1991;20:294-302.

Tavoni A, Vitali C, Bombardieri S, Pasero G. Evaluation of S-adenosylmethionine in primary fibromyalgia. A double-blind crossover study. Am J Med. 1987;83(5A):107-110.

Tavoni A, Jeracitano G, Cirigliano G. Evaluation of S-adenosylmethionine in secondary fibromyalgia: a double-blind study. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 1998;16:106-107.

Volkmann H, Norregaard J, Jacobsen S, et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study of intravenous S-adenosyl-L-methionine in patients with fibromyalgia. Scand J Rheumatol. 1997;26:206-211.

Safety

Cozens DD, Barton SJ, Clark R, et al. Reproductive toxicity studies of ademetionine. Arzneimittelforschung. 1988;38:1625-1629.

Pezzoli C, Galli-Kienle M, Stramentinoli G. Lack of mutagenic activity of ademetionine in vitro and in vivo. Arzneimittelforschung. 1987;37:826-29.